The Early History of Muhammadiyah in Blitar: From Tabligh to the Congress in Pekalongan

Muhammadiyah in Blitar has a long history that began in the early 20th century. According to records in Berita Tahoenan Muhammadijah Hindia Timoer (BTMHT), Muhammadiyah as an organization in Blitar was officially documented as early as 1923. This was further evidenced by the participation of a representative from Blitar, Abu Suja’, in the Muhammadiyah Annual Congress in 1927 held in Pekalongan from February 18 to 21. However, Muhammadiyah's presence in Blitar can be traced back even earlier, to around 1921.

The Tabligh Journey of KH. Ahmad Dahlan

Muhammadiyah was founded by KH. Ahmad Dahlan in Yogyakarta in 1912. As a prominent Islamic reformer, KH. Ahmad Dahlan often traveled to various regions to disseminate pure and modern Islamic teachings. In 1921, he conducted a tabligh journey to the Malang region, specifically to Kepanjen and Sumberpucung. During this journey, it is believed that several prominent figures from Blitar attended his lectures in Sumberpucung. The teachings and movement of Muhammadiyah greatly inspired these figures, leading them to introduce Muhammadiyah to their communities in Blitar.

PKO Volunteers and the Eruption of Mount Kelud in 1919

One significant event that connected Muhammadiyah to Blitar was the eruption of Mount Kelud on May 19, 1919. This eruption was one of the most devastating in Mount Kelud's history, causing massive destruction to the surrounding areas, including Blitar. Volcanic ash and lava flows destroyed settlements, farmlands, and infrastructure, and resulted in numerous fatalities.

In response to this disaster, Muhammadiyah, through its organization Penolong Kesengsaraan Oemoem (PKO), sent volunteers from Yogyakarta to assist the victims. However, it was reported that the relief materials collected by PKO were ultimately not distributed to Blitar. Despite this, the effort reflects Muhammadiyah's initial connection with the people of Blitar, particularly in the context of social and humanitarian activities.

The Establishment of Muhammadiyah in Blitar

Various sources suggest that Muhammadiyah as an official organization in Blitar was likely established in 1923. However, tabligh activities and Islamic lectures organized by Muhammadiyah figures had already been taking place years prior. These activities laid the foundation for Muhammadiyah's presence in Blitar.

In 1927, Muhammadiyah Blitar demonstrated its prominence on the national stage by sending Abu Suja’ as its representative to the Muhammadiyah Annual Congress in Pekalongan. This congress was a crucial event aimed at strengthening Muhammadiyah’s network across the archipelago, discussing work programs, and unifying efforts to spread Islamic teachings.

The early history of Muhammadiyah in Blitar reflects the enduring spirit of Islamic reform that persists to this day. From KH. Ahmad Dahlan's tabligh journey to its participation in the Muhammadiyah Congress, this journey highlights how the reformist and social care principles of Muhammadiyah have been deeply rooted in the Blitar community since the early 20th century. With a strong historical foundation, Muhammadiyah in Blitar continues to contribute to positive change for the Muslim community and society at large.